Área de superficie de un prisma: explicación y ejemplos
The total surface area of a prism is the sum of areas of its lateral faces and its two bases.
En este artículo, aprenderás how to find the total surface area of a prism by using the surface area of a prism formula.
To recall, a prism is a 3-dimensional polyhedron with two parallel and congruent bases, which are connected by lateral faces. A prism is named according to the shape of the polygonal bases. In a prism, the lateral faces, which are parallelograms, are perpendicular to the polygonal bases.
name="how-to-find-the-surface-area-of-a-prism-">How to Find the Surface Area of a Prism?
- To find the total surface area of a prism, you need to calculate the area of two polygonal bases, i.e., the top face and bottom face.
- And then calculate the area of lateral faces connecting the bases.
- Add up the area of the two bases and the area of the lateral faces to get the total surface area of a prism.
name="total-surface-area-of-a-prism-formula">Total surface area of a prism formula
Since we know the total surface area of a prism is equal to the sum of all its faces, i.e., the floor, walls, and roof of a prism. Therefore, the surface area of a prism formula is given as:
Total surface area of a prism = 2 x area of the base + perimeter of the base x Height
Where TSA = Total surface area of a prism
Note: The formula to find the base area (B) of a prism depends on the base’s shape.
Let’s solve a few example problems involving the surface area of different types of prisms.
The dimensions of a triangular prism are given as follows:
Apothem length of the prism, a = 6 cm
height of the prism, h = 12 cm
The other two sides of the triangular base are 7 cm each.
Find the total surface area of the triangular prism.
Solución
TSA = 2 x area of the base + perimeter of the base x Height
Since the base is a triangle, then the base area, B =1/2 ba
Perimeter of the base, p = 4 + 7 + 7
Now substitute the base area, height, and perimeter in the formula.
Therefore, the total surface area of the triangular prism is 240 cm2.
Find the total surface area of a prism whose base is an equilateral triangle of side 8 cm and height of the prism is 12 cm.
Solución
Dado:
Height of the prism, h = 12 cm
The base is an equilateral triangle of side 8 cm.
By Pythagorean theorem, the apothem length, a of the prism is calculated as:
Thus, the apothem length of the prism is 6.93 cm
Perimeter of the base = 8 + 8 + 8
Hence, the total surface area of the prism is 343.44 cm2.
The apothem length, base length, and height of a pentagonal prism are 10 cm. 13 cm, and 19 cm, respectively. Find the total surface area of the pentagonal prism.
Solución
The formula for the total surface area of a pentagonal prism is given by;
Dónde
TSA = 5 x 10 x 13 + 5 x 13 x 19
Thus, the total surface area of the pentagonal prism is 1885 cm2
A rectangular prism of dimensions, length = 7 in, width = 5 in and height = 3 in is to be painted. If the painting cost is $50 per square inch, find the total cost of painting all faces of the prism.
Solución
First, calculate the total surface area of the prism
Surface area of a rectangular prism = 2h (l +b)
The total cost of painting the prism = TSA x cost of painting
Thus, the cost of painting the rectangular prism is $3,600
Find the total surface area of a hexagonal prism whose apothem length, base length, and height are given as 7 m, 11 m, and 16 m, respectively.
Solución
The total surface area formula for a hexagonal prism is given as:
Sustituir.
TSA = 6 x 7 x 11 + 6 x 11 x 16
Calculate the total surface area of an isosceles trapezoid whose parallel sides of the base are 50 mm and 120 mm and legs of the base are 45 mm each, the height of the base is 40 mm, and the height of the prism is 150 mm.
Solución
The total surface area of a trapezoid prism = 2B + ph
Base area (B) of a trapezoid = 1/2h (b1 + b2)
Perimeter (p) of the base = 50 + 120 + 45 + 45
Now, substitute into the formula.
